Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson (Summary, Rhyme Scheme, Ton etc)
.jpg "Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson (Summary, Rhyme Scheme, Ton etc)")
English Poem
Because I could not stop for Death –
He kindly stopped for me –
The Carriage held but just Ourselves –
And Immortality.
We slowly drove – He knew no haste
And I had put away
My labor and my leisure too,
For His Civility –
We passed the School, where Children strove
At Recess – in the Ring –
We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain –
We passed the Setting Sun –
Or rather – He passed Us –
The Dews drew quivering and Chill –
For only Gossamer, my Gown –
My Tippet – only Tulle –
We paused before a House that seemed
A Swelling of the Ground –
The Roof was scarcely visible –
The Cornice – in the Ground –
Since then – 'tis Centuries – and yet
Feels shorter than the Day
I first surmised the Horses' Heads
Were toward Eternity –
Summary:
The poem
based on death and the after-life experience of the speaker of the poem.The
poem begins abruptly.As we read the poem, we see that the speaker of the poem,
a female figure who was wearing her fancy dress(gown).The poet personified
Death and stopped to pick her up and take her on a ride in his horse drawn
carriage. Although she was not prepared for this ride.The speaker feels easy
and comfortable with the gentleman(death and immortality). As they passed
through the town, she sees the children were playing (means childhood days),
fields of grain (means maturity) and the setting sun (means death).As dusk sets
in the speaker begins to feel chilly because she is only wearing a thin
silk.They stopped at a house like ‘A Swelling of the ground’ which will be her
grave. In the final stanza, the speaker suddenly informs that this ride with
Death took place a centurics ago.Yet she feels that this event took place
yesterday when she first got the feeling that horse heads pointed towards ‘Eternity’.
Thus the journey suggests the passage from life to death-to an eternal life.
বাংলা সামারি:
কবিতাটির বক্তার মৃত্যু এবং পরবর্তী জীবনের অভিজ্ঞতার উপর ভিত্তি করে কবিতাটি। কবিতাটি হঠাৎ করেই শুরু হয়। কবিতাটি পড়ার সময় আমরা দেখতে পাই যে কবিতাটির বক্তা, একজন মহিলা চিত্র যিনি তার অভিনব পোশাক (গাউন) পরেছিলেন। .কবি মৃত্যুকে মূর্ত করে তুলেছিলেন এবং তাকে তুলতে এবং তার ঘোড়ার গাড়িতে চড়ে নিয়ে যাওয়ার জন্য থামলেন। যদিও তিনি এই যাত্রার জন্য প্রস্তুত ছিলেন না। স্পিকার ভদ্রলোকের (মৃত্যু এবং অমরত্ব) সাথে সহজ এবং স্বাচ্ছন্দ্য বোধ করেন। শহরের মধ্য দিয়ে যাওয়ার সময়, তিনি দেখেন শিশুরা খেলছে (মানে শৈশবের দিন), শস্যের ক্ষেত (মানে পরিপক্কতা) এবং অস্তগামী সূর্য (মানে মৃত্যু)। স্পীকারে সন্ধ্যা নামার সাথে সাথে ঠাণ্ডা লাগতে শুরু করে কারণ সে কেবল পরেছে। একটি পাতলা রেশম। তারা 'ভূমির ফুলে'-এর মতো একটি বাড়িতে থামল যা তার কবর হবে। শেষ স্তবকটিতে, বক্তা হঠাৎ করে জানান যে মৃত্যুর সাথে এই যাত্রাটি এক শতাব্দী আগে ঘটেছিল৷ তবুও তিনি অনুভব করেন যে এই ঘটনাটি গতকাল ঘটেছিল যখন তিনি প্রথম অনুভব করেছিলেন যে ঘোড়ার মাথাগুলি 'ইন্টারনিটি'-এর দিকে নির্দেশ করে। এইভাবে যাত্রা জীবন থেকে মৃত্যু-অনন্ত জীবনে উত্তরণের পরামর্শ দেয়।
Rhyme
Scheme:
Rhyme
scheme is the ordered pattern of rhymes
at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse
The rhyme scheme of the poem is abcb.
The
general rhyming pattern of each stanza is abcb. In the fist stanza, the first
line and third line end with “Death’ and. “Ourselves” respectively. These words
do not rhyme. The last word of the second line, “me” rhymes with the last word
of the fourth line, “Immortality”. However, the later stanzas are not perfectly
rhymed because there are variations. She uses “half rhyme’ or “slant rhyme’ as
in the third stanza in which “Ring” does not rhyme with “Sun”.Its quatrains are
similar to that of a hymn. Its Iyrical quality is also like that of a hymn.
It
doesn’t follow the proper rhyme of abcb.There are some variations in it.
Tone:
Tone is a
musical or vocal sound with reference to its pitch, quality, and strength.
The poem
opens in an happy tone as if the speaker is speaking about her first journey.
The first line opens in a tone of explanation Because I could not stop for
Death’. The speaker of the poem accepts death
commonly.The speaker’s tone in the poem makes the reader believe the
speaker does not fear death, but feels the opposite towards it. If the poem did
not look for death with an underlying theme of love, the acceptance of death
might be hard for the reader to believe. The last stanza of the poem becomes
nostalgic as the speaker recalls her century-old experience of dying.
Structure:
The poem
is a hymn.A hymn is a lyric poem that is addressed to God.The poem consists of
six stanzas and each stanza has 4 lines.The poet used iambic pentameter lines
through her poem.The general rhyme scheme of the poem is abcb.But it doesn’t
follow the rhyme scheme. The post uses here half rhyme. The poet here praises
Death as an immortal being.Its lyrical quality makes it a perfect hymn.
Theme is
the central idea in a piece of writing. The whole body explains the theme.
The
central theme of the poem is the journey of line through life to eternity.
The poem
deals with the death and the after life experience of the speaker. At first the
poet describes the journey of a woman
who is picked up by Death on his carriage and moves towards eternity. Here the
Death has been personified who stopped his carriage and picked up the woman to
journey to the next world. The woman was not prepared to go with death because
she was busy with her daily works. But the Death stopped himself and picked her
up on his carriage. They moved slowly and passed the school where children were
playing that means childhood experiences.They also passed the fields where
there were grains gazing that means maturity of the speaker.and lastly they saw
the setting sun that means death. They stopped at a house that looked like a
swelling ground and the roof of the house was not visible. In the last stanza,
the woman realizes that their journey began hundreds and hundreds of years.The
poem reveals that every living being is always busy with worldly works, and so
he has not time to wait for death. But it towards eternity.
Authors
Position:
When an
author writes to persuade,he/she will have his/her own position on the
subject.The author’s position is an author’s opinion about the subject.It may
be subjective or objective.
Subjective
means where the writer can use his/her own feelings,emotion, and own choice.
Objective
means where writer cann’t use his/her own feelings,emotions and own choice.
The poem
is a subjective one.Here,the poet directly describes her own experience. She
describes the journey life to eternity.Her companions are death and
journey.They takes the poet to her grave.So all the elements are her personal
experience. So its a subjective poem.
Figures
of Speech :
Figures
of Speech means use of ornamental elements into a piece of writing.
Alliteration:- Alliteration is the
repetition of consonant sound.
*”The
Dews drew quivering and chill”.
Here “D”
is repeated so its an example of alliteration.
Personification:-
It is a figure of speech in which the writer puts
imaginary life into a life being or thing.
*”Death”,
“Immortality”, “ Setting Sun” those all are personified by the poet.
Metonymy:-
Metonymy is a figure of speech in which one thing is
related with another thing.
*”My
labour and my leisure”.
Here poet’s
whole life is related with “labour” and “leisure”.
Symbolism:-
Symbolism refers to a thing that is stands for
something else.It is basically an image which,by virtue of recurrent uses.
*Here, “
School” symbolizes the speaker’s childhood days.
“Gazing
grain” here “gazing grain” means mature age of the poet.
*”setting
sun” here “setting sun” symbolises death.
So the
poet uses some figures of speech to attract readers attitude.
ফিগার অফ স্পিচ মানে লেখার একটি অংশে শোভাময় উপাদানের ব্যবহার।
*"শিশিরগুলো কাঁপতে কাঁপতে ও ঠান্ডা হয়ে গেল"।
এখানে "D" পুনরাবৃত্তি করা হয়েছে তাই এটি অনুপ্রেরণের একটি উদাহরণ।
*"মৃত্যু", "অমরত্ব", "অস্তমিত সূর্য" এ সবই কবির মূর্ত রূপ।
*"আমার শ্রম এবং আমার অবসর"।
এখানে কবির সমগ্র জীবন “শ্রম” এবং “অবসর” এর সাথে জড়িত।
*এখানে, "স্কুল" বক্তার শৈশবের দিনগুলির প্রতীক।
এখানে "চোখে দানা" মানে কবির পরিণত বয়স।
*"অস্তমিত সূর্য" এখানে "অস্তমিত সূর্য" মৃত্যুর প্রতীক।
তাই কবি পাঠকদের মনোভাব আকৃষ্ট করতে বক্তৃতার কিছু পরিসংখ্যান ব্যবহার করেন।
